Термин «судебно-психиатрическая экспертиза» в англоязычной юридике обычно передаётся выражением forensic psychiatric examination или forensic psychiatric evaluation. В зависимости от страны и правовой системы возможны также формулировки court-ordered psychiatric assessment и forensic mental health evaluation. Ниже приведён подробный глоссарий и описание процедуры на английском языке.

Основные английские термины

• forensic psychiatry, судебная психиатрия как отрасль медицины.
• forensic psychiatric expert — эксперт-судебный психиатр.
• examination subject / examinee — лицо‚ подлежащее экспертизе.
• expert opinion / expert report — заключение эксперта.
• fitness to stand trial — дееспособность участвовать в судебном разбирательстве.
• criminal responsibility — уголовная ответственность.
• civil competence — гражданская дееспособность.
• risk assessment — оценка риска рецидива.
• in-patient forensic evaluation — стационарная экспертиза.
• out-patient forensic evaluation — амбулаторная экспертиза.

Процедура назначения и проведения (на английском)

Step 1. Court order / Investigation order

Forensic psychiatric examination is initiated only after issuing a court order or investigator’s resolution.
Sample wording: “The court orders a comprehensive forensic psychiatric evaluation to determine the defendant’s mental state at the time of the offense.”

Step 2. Scope of questions (terms of reference)

The judge (or investigator) formulates a list of specific questions (terms of reference) for the expert‚ e.g.:

• Did the examinee suffer from a mental disorder at the time of the alleged act?
• Is the examinee fit to plead and fit to stand trial?
• Does any mental condition affect civil competence (e.g.‚ ability to make a will‚ manage property)?

Step 3. Selection of expert institution

The examination is conducted by licensed forensic psychiatric facilities or designated state forensic services. In the USA these are often forensic hospitals; in the UK, medium-secure units (MSU) or high-secure hospitals such as Broadmoor.

Step 4. Examination process

1. Collection of case files and medical records.
2. Clinical interviews‚ psychometric testing.
3. Collateral information (family‚ police‚ medical practitioners).
4. Observation period (if in-patient evaluation is ordered).
5. Preparation of expert report with clear answers to the court’s questions.

Step 5. Report submission

The final expert opinion is submitted to the court/investigator within the statutory time limits (in Russia often 30 days; in England & Wales usually 12–16 weeks for in-patient assessments);

Примеры фраз в реальных документах

From a US court order:

“The defendant shall undergo a forensic psychiatric examination at the State Forensic Hospital to determine criminal responsibility and competency to proceed.”

From a UK forensic report:

“Following a court-ordered psychiatric assessment‚ it is my opinion that Mr X suffers from paranoid schizophrenia and was not criminally responsible at the time of the index offence.”

Отличие от смежных экспертиз

Важные англоязычные источники

• American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law (AAPL) – Practice Guidelines for Forensic Psychiatric Evaluation.
• Royal College of Psychiatrists (UK) – Guidance on Forensic Psychiatry Reports.
• UNODC – Handbook on Prisoners with Special Needs (chapter on forensic psychiatric assessment).

Подсказки для переводчиков

• Назначить экспертизу → to order / commission a forensic psychiatric examination
• Лицо‚ подлежащее экспертизе → examinee / person subject to examination
• Судебно-психиатрическая больница → forensic psychiatric hospital / secure forensic unit
• Оценка вменяемости → assessment of criminal responsibility

Точное использование английской терминологии при описании forensic psychiatric examination позволяет международным юристам‚ переводчикам и экспертам эффективно взаимодействовать в рамках трансграничных дел‚ а также обеспечивает ясность при подготовке документации для судов ЕС‚ США‚ Великобритании и других юрисдикций.